Lactose Intolerance: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options
Lactose intolerance is a common digestive issue that affects millions worldwide. For many people, enjoying milk, cheese, or ice cream may trigger uncomfortable symptoms like bloating, stomach cramps, or diarrhea. If left unmanaged, it can significantly impact daily life. The good news is, with proper diagnosis and lifestyle adjustments, this condition can be effectively managed.
This blog explores the causes, symptoms, treatment options, and why consulting a Gastro Doctor in Gurgaon like Dr. Mukesh Nandal is important for long-term relief.
What is Lactose Intolerance?
This condition occurs when the body cannot digest lactose, the natural sugar found in milk and dairy products. Normally, an enzyme called lactase-produced in the small intestine-breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose, which are then absorbed into the bloodstream.
When lactase production is low, lactose remains undigested and ferments in the gut, leading to discomfort and digestive symptoms.
What Causes Lactose Intolerance?
Several factors can cause or contribute to this disorder:
-
Primary Lactase Deficiency (Genetic):
The most common cause, where enzyme levels naturally decline with age. -
Secondary Lactase Deficiency:
Damage to the small intestine due to infections, surgery, celiac disease, or Crohn’s disease. -
Congenital Deficiency:
Rare genetic condition where babies are born without the ability to produce lactase. -
Prematurity:
Some premature infants develop intolerance as their intestines are not fully matured.
What Happens if You Ignore Lactose Intolerance?
Neglecting the problem may lead to:
- Ongoing bloating and abdominal pain
- Frequent diarrhea and dehydration
- Deficiencies in calcium and vitamin D if dairy is avoided without alternatives
- Lower quality of life due to persistent discomfort
Long-term neglect may worsen other digestive conditions, highlighting the importance of professional evaluation by a Gastroenterologist in Gurgaon.
Common Symptoms of Lactose Intolerance
- Abdominal cramps and bloating
- Excessive gas
- Nausea or vomiting
- Diarrhea after consuming dairy
- Stomach rumbling
These symptoms usually appear 30 minutes to 2 hours after consuming lactose-containing foods.
How to Cure Lactose Intolerance?
Although there is no permanent cure, several strategies can help control symptoms:
- Dietary Changes: Limit or avoid dairy products. Some people tolerate small amounts if spread throughout the day.
- Lactose-Free Products: Options like soy milk, almond milk, oat milk, or lactose-free dairy make life easier.
- Enzyme Supplements: Over-the-counter lactase tablets or drops help break down lactose when taken before meals.
- Balanced Diet: Replace lost calcium and vitamin D with fortified foods or supplements.
- Professional Care: A gastroenterologist can create a customized plan to prevent deficiencies.
Factors Responsible for Lactose Intolerance
Several factors influence the likelihood of developing lactose intolerance:
- Age: Declining enzyme levels are common in adulthood.
- Ethnicity: Higher prevalence among Asian, African, and South American populations.
- Digestive Disorders: Conditions like Crohn’s disease or celiac disease increase risk.
- Genetics: Family history strongly influences occurrence.
- Intestinal Surgery or Infections: Can temporarily or permanently reduce enzyme production.
Expert Care with Dr. Mukesh Nandal
Managing this disorder requires the right guidance. Dr. Mukesh Nandal, Senior Consultant at Narayana Hospital and Atharva Polyclinic, Sector 10A, Gurgaon, is a trusted Gastro Doctor in Gurgaon with extensive experience.
His care includes:
- Accurate diagnostic tests (hydrogen breath test, lactose tolerance test)
- Personalized dietary advice
- Long-term monitoring to ensure good digestive health
With his expertise, patients can lead healthier, symptom-free lives.
FAQs on Lactose Intolerance
1. Is lactose intolerance permanent?
In most cases, yes-especially when it’s genetic. However, secondary intolerance caused by illness or surgery may improve over time.
2. What foods should I avoid?
Milk, cheese, cream, butter, and ice cream are the main triggers. Processed foods like chocolates, sauces, and bakery items may also contain hidden lactose.
3. Can it be treated with medicine?
There is no permanent medicine, but lactase enzyme supplements can help reduce symptoms.
4. How is it different from a milk allergy?
This condition is due to enzyme deficiency, while milk allergy is an immune reaction to milk proteins and can be severe.
5. When should I see a doctor?
If symptoms persist, consult a Gastro Doctor in Gurgaon for accurate diagnosis and management.
Conclusion
Lactose intolerance is not dangerous, but ignoring it can lead to chronic discomfort and nutrient deficiencies. With proper care and guidance from an experienced Gastroenterologist in Gurgaon like Dr. Mukesh Nandal, patients can manage their diet, enjoy better digestion, and live comfortably.
